rustypipe/testfiles/channel_rss/trimmed_channel_id.xml

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<id>yt:channel:HnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</id>
<yt:channelId>HnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>Veritasium</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2010-07-21T07:18:02+00:00</published>
<entry>
<id>yt:video:czjisEGe5Cw</id>
<yt:videoId>czjisEGe5Cw</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>The Problem With Science Communication</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=czjisEGe5Cw"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-10-31T23:00:20+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-11-01T15:51:15+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>The Problem With Science Communication</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/czjisEGe5Cw?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i4.ytimg.com/vi/czjisEGe5Cw/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>To kickstart your business or online store with a free trial of Shopify, go to http://shopify.com/veritasium
If youre looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically https://ve42.co/SnatomsV
▀▀▀
Huge thanks to Carlo Rovelli: https://t.co/FF5ohRQB8R
And Geraint Lewis: https://www.geraintflewis.com/
▀▀▀
Images and references:
Holographic wormhole, via Nature - https://ve42.co/Holographic
Did physicists create a wormhole in a quantum computer? by Davide Castelvecchi, via Nature - https://ve42.co/NatureWormhole
Traversable Holographic Wormhole by Sarag Wells, via Vice - https://ve42.co/ViceWormhole
Quantum teleportation opens a wormhole in spacetime by Martijn Boerkamp, via Physics World - https://ve42.co/PWTeleportation
Physicists Create a Holographic Wormhole by Natalie Wolchover, via Quanta - https://ve42.co/QuantaWormhole
the Smallest, Crummiest Wormhole You Can Imagine, via The New York Times - https://ve42.co/NYTWormhole
How Physicists Created a Holographic, via Quanta - https://ve42.co/QuantaYTWormhole
Quantum computer imagery, via Quantumai - https://ve42.co/Quantumai
Nuclear fusion breakthrough, via Sky News - https://ve42.co/SkyWormhole
NASA scientist explains why images from new telescope astounded him, via CNN on YouTube - https://ve42.co/CNNWormhole
Neutrino Faster Than Speed of Light, via Associated Press - https://ve42.co/APWormhole
Michio Kaku on Quantum Computing, via PowerfulJRE - https://ve42.co/JRE
AskScience AMA Series, via r/askscience on Reddit - https://ve42.co/ClimateAMA
Professor Andrei Linde celebrates physics breakthrough, via Stanford - https://ve42.co/AndreiLinde
Gravitational waves turn to dust by Ian Sample, via The Guardian - https://ve42.co/Waves2Dust
The First Room-Temperature Ambient-Pressure Superconductor, Sukbae Lee, Ji-Hoon Kim, Young-Wan Kwon, 2023, via arXiv - https://ve42.co/Superconductor
What's the buzz about LK-99?, via Global News - https://ve42.co/GlobalLK99
Meissner effect, via @andrewmccalip on Twitter - https://ve42.co/Meissner
Will LK99 Superconductor CHANGE THE WORLD?, via Breaking Points on YouTube - https://ve42.co/BreakingPoints
Superconductor Breakthroughs, via WSJ - https://ve42.co/WSJSuperconductor
LK99 claims forum post, via Spacebattles - https://ve42.co/KL99Forum
Copper graph, via Handbook of Electromagnetic Materials - https://ve42.co/CopperGraph
LK-99 Superconductor showing levitation - https://ve42.co/Levitation
Unreliable social science research by Cathleen OGrady, via Science - https://ve42.co/SocialScience
Tiny Neutrinos article by Dennis Overbye, via The NYT - https://ve42.co/NYTNeutrinos
The Crisis in Cosmology by Astrophysics in Process, via Medium - https://ve42.co/CosmoCrisis
Some scientists speak of a “crisis in cosmology.”’ by Adam Frank, via Big Think - https://ve42.co/BigThinkCosmo
Why is there a 'crisis' in cosmology? by Paul Sutter, via Space - https://ve42.co/SpaceCosmo
Breakthrough in nuclear fusion, via PBS NewsHour on YouTube - https://ve42.co/PBSBreakthrough
DOE National Lab press conference, via U.S. Department of Energy on YouTube - https://ve42.co/DOEPress
Nuclear fusion breakthrough by Catherine Clifford, via CNBC - https://ve42.co/CNBCFusion
US officials announce nuclear fusion breakthrough, via CNN - https://ve42.co/CNNFusion
Nuclear fusion article, via CNN - https://ve42.co/CNNNuclear
Climate catastrophe article by Robin McKie, via The Guardian - https://ve42.co/GuardianClimate
Nuclear fusion article by Nicola Davis, via The Guardian - https://ve42.co/GuardianFusion
Fusion breakthrough article, via Imperial College London - https://ve42.co/ImperialFusion
Wednesday briefing by Archive Bland, via The Guardian - https://ve42.co/GuardianBriefing
Sky Sport News Bulletin, via Sky Sport NZ on YouTube - https://ve42.co/SkyBulletin
Alien Probe Ignored Us article by Ed Maz - https://ve42.co/AlienProbe
Attempts to scan the mysterious Oumuamua 'comet' article by Shivali Best, via MailOnline - https://ve42.co/Oumuamua
Have Aliens Found Us? by Isaac Chotiner - https://ve42.co/NYTAliens
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Amadeo Bee, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Burt Humburg, Chris Harper, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, Jesse Brandsoy, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Mario Bottion, Max Maladino, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Written by Derek Muller
Edited by Peter Nelson
Filmed by Derek Muller
Produced by Derek Muller
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images and Storyblocks
Music from Epidemic Sound
Thumbnail by Geoff Barrett</media:description>
<media:community>
<media:starRating count="77012" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:lFlu60qs7_4</id>
<yt:videoId>lFlu60qs7_4</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>How One Line in the Oldest Math Text Hinted at Hidden Universes</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lFlu60qs7_4"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-10-21T16:31:35+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-10-27T23:43:35+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>How One Line in the Oldest Math Text Hinted at Hidden Universes</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/lFlu60qs7_4?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i1.ytimg.com/vi/lFlu60qs7_4/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>Discover strange new universes that turn up at the core of Einsteins General Relativity. Head to https://brilliant.org/veritasium to start your free 30-day trial, and the first 200 people get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
If youre looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically https://ve42.co/SnatomsV
▀▀▀
A massive thank you to Prof. Alex Kontorovich for all his help with this video.
A huge thank you to Prof. Geraint Lewis and Dr. Ashmeet Singh for helping us understand the applications of Non-Euclidean geometry in astronomy/cosmology.
Lastly, a big thank you to Dr. Henry Segerman and Dr. Rémi Coulon for helping us visualize what its like to be inside hyperbolic space and helping us understand hyperbolic geometry.
▀▀▀
Images:
Euclid via Science Museum Group - https://ve42.co/Euclid
Geodesy survey via ams - https://ve42.co/Geodesy
John Wheeler via NAS Online - https://ve42.co/Wheeler
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References:
Dunham, W. (1991). Journey through Genius: Great Theorems of Mathematics. John Wiley &amp; Sons.
Bonola, R. (1955). Non-Euclidean geometry: A critical and historical study of its development. Courier Corporation.
Library of Congress. (n.d.). The Library of Congress. - https://ve42.co/LibofCongress
Euclids Elements, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/Elements
The History of Non-Euclidean Geometry, Extra History via YouTube - https://ve42.co/ExtraHistory
We (could) live on a 4D Pringle - Physics for the Birds via YouTube - https://ve42.co/4DPringle
Parallel Postulate, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/Parallel
Prékopa, A., &amp; Molnár, E. (Eds.). (2006). Non-euclidean geometries: János Bolyai memorial volume (Vol. 581). Springer Science &amp; Business Media.
St Andrews, University of. (n.d.). Bolyai. MacTutor History of Mathematics. - https://ve42.co/Bolyai
Bolyai, J. (1896). The Science Absolute of Space.. (Vol. 3). The Neomon.
Gauss, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/Gauss
Singh, U. (2022). Gauss-Bolyai-Lobachevsky: The dawn of non-euclidean geometry. Medium. - https://ve42.co/CPNonEuclidean
Landvermessung, D. Z. (1929). Abhandlungen ueber Gauss' wissenschaftliche Taetigkeit auf den Gebieten der Geodaesie, Physik und Astronomie Bd. 11, Abt. - https://ve42.co/Landvermessung
Nikolai Lobachevsky, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/Lobachevsky
Lobachevskiĭ, N. I. (1891). Geometrical researches on the theory of parallels. University of Texas.
A Problem with the Parallel Postulate, Numberphile via YouTube - https://ve42.co/NumberphileParallel
Riemann, B. (2016). On the hypotheses which lie at the bases of geometry. Birkhäuser. - https://ve42.co/Riemann
Einstein, A. (1905). On the electrodynamics of moving bodies. Annalen der physik, 17(10), 891-921. - https://ve42.co/Einstein1905
ESA/Hubble. (n.d.). Hubblecast 90: The final frontier of the Frontier Fields. ESA/Hubble. - https://ve42.co/Einstein1905
Agazie, G., et al. (2023). The NANOGrav 15 yr data set: Constraints on supermassive black hole binaries from the gravitational-wave background. - https://ve42.co/NANOGrav
Secrets of the Cosmic Microwave Background, PBS Spacetime via YouTube - https://ve42.co/PBSCMB
Wood, C. (2020). How Ancient Light Reveals the Universe's Contents. Quanta Magazine. - https://ve42.co/AncientLight
Collaboration (2014). Planck 2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters. A&amp;A, 571, A16. - https://ve42.co/Planck2013
WMAP Science Team, NASA. (2014). Matter in the Universe. WMAP, NASA. - https://ve42.co/WMAP2014
What Is The Shape of Space, minutephysics via YouTube - https://ve42.co/SpaceShape
Shape of the universe, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/UniverseShape
Crocheting Hyperbolic Planes: Daina Taimina by Ted, via YouTube - https://ve42.co/Hyperbolic
Hyperbolic Crochet model - https://ve42.co/Crochet
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Amadeo Bee, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Burt Humburg, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, Jesse Brandsoy, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Mario Bottion, Max Maladino, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Directed by Casper Mebius
Written by Casper Mebius, Petr Lebedev, Emily Zhang, Derek Muller, and Alex Kontorovich
Edited by Jack Saxon
Animated by Fabio Albertelli, Ivy Tello, and Mike Radjabov
Illustrations by Jakub Misiek and Celia Bode
Filmed by Derek Muller
Produced by Casper Mebius, Derek Muller, and Han Evans
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images, Pond5, and by courtesy of: NASA, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA Goddard Flight Lab/ CI Lab, NASAs WMAP science teams, ESO, and ESA/Hubble.
Music from Epidemic Sound
Thumbnail by Ren Hurley</media:description>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:QQkmJI63ykI</id>
<yt:videoId>QQkmJI63ykI</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>The Man Who Killed Millions and Saved Billions (Clean Version)</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQkmJI63ykI"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-10-07T17:45:44+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-10-22T23:24:43+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>The Man Who Killed Millions and Saved Billions (Clean Version)</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/QQkmJI63ykI?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i2.ytimg.com/vi/QQkmJI63ykI/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>YES, THIS IS A REUPLOAD. The original was age-restricted and demonetized. To support the channel directly, you can buy Snatoms: https://ve42.co/snatoms1 https://ve42.co/amzn or support on Patreon: https://ve42.co/p
Fritz Haber is the scientist who arguably most transformed the world.
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
A huge thanks to Dan Charles for writing a fantastic biography of Fritz Haber, for taking the time to talk to us about it, and providing valuable feedback. This video would not be what it is without his contributions. http://site.danielcharles.us https://ve42.co/Charles
Thanks to Tom de Prinse from Explosions and Fire for helping us with the chemistry of explosives. If you like explosions and/or fire, you will love his channel. https://www.youtube.com/c/ExplosionsFire2
Thanks to Michael Kuiper of CSIRO for the animation of the composition of air - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9JvX58aRfg
Special thanks to Sonya Pemberton, Karl Kruszelnicki, Mary Dobbie, Olivia McRae, and the patreon supporters for giving us feedback on the earlier version of this video.
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References:
The primary reference used is Vaclav Smils excellent book, Enriching The Earth
Smil, V. (2004). Enriching the earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch, and the transformation of world food production. MIT press. https://ve42.co/Smil
Mastermind: The Rise and Fall of Fritz Haber, the Nobel Laureate Who Launched the Age of Chemical Warfare, by Dan Charles https://ve42.co/Charles
Stoltzenberg, D. (2004). Fritz Haber: Chemist, Nobel Laureate, German, Jew. Chemical Heritage Foundation. https://ve42.co/Stoltzenberg
Postgate, J. R. (1982). The fundamentals of nitrogen fixation. CUP Archive. https://ve42.co/postgate
Miles, A. G. (1992). Biological nitrogen fixation. https://ve42.co/Miles
Friedrich, B., &amp; Hoffmann, D. (2017). Clara Immerwahr: A life in the shadow of Fritz Haber. In One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences(pp. 45-67). Springer, Cham. https://ve42.co/Friedrich2017
Da Silva, G. (2020). What is ammonium nitrate, the chemical that exploded in Beirut. Sci Am, 5. https://ve42.co/Silva
Rodrigues, P., &amp; Micael, J. (2021). The importance of guano birds to the Inca Empire and the first conservation measures implemented by humans. https://ve42.co/rodrigues
Allison, F. E. (1957). Nitrogen and soil fertility. Soil, the, 85-94. https://ve42.co/Allison
Crookes, W. (1898). Address of the President before the British Association for the Advancement of Science, Bristol, 1898. Science, 8(200), 561-575. https://ve42.co/Crookes
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Special thanks to Patreon supporters: RayJ Johnson, Brian Busbee, Jerome Barakos M.D., Amadeo Bee, Julian Lee, Inconcision, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, Chris LaClair, Avi Yashchin, John H. Austin, Jr., OnlineBookClub.org, Matthew Gonzalez, Eric Sexton, john kiehl, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Dumky, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Timothy OBrien, Mac Malkawi, Michael Schneider, jim buckmaster, Juan Benet, Ruslan Khroma, Robert Blum, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Vincent, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Cy 'kkm' K'Nelson, Sam Lutfi, Ron Neal
▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
Written by Petr Lebedev, Derek Muller, Felicity Nelson and Kovi Rose
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animation by Jakub Mistek, Fabio Albertelli, Ivy Tello, Alex Drakoulis, Nils Ramses Kullack, and Charlie Davies
SFX by Shaun Clifford
Filmed by Petr Lebedev, Derek Muller and Raquel Nuno
Photo of nitrogen deficiency in rice from https://ve42.co/rice
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images
Music from Epidemic Sound: https://ve42.co/music</media:description>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:Is2Lip1cJUc</id>
<yt:videoId>Is2Lip1cJUc</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>Extreme Breath-Holding</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Is2Lip1cJUc"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-09-30T16:39:15+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-10-23T16:33:01+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>Extreme Breath-Holding</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/Is2Lip1cJUc?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i2.ytimg.com/vi/Is2Lip1cJUc/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>This is how people can hold their breath for tens of minutes. Check out our sponsor: https://betterhelp.com/veritasium to get matched with a professional therapist who will listen and help.
▀▀▀
A huge thanks to Brandon Birchak for all his help with this video. To learn how to hold your breath for 5 minutes, or see one of Brandons performances, visit https://eliteperformancedesign.com and https://Sixfootcreations.com
A special thanks to Juan Valdivia for his expert advice on the science of extreme breath holding.
▀▀▀
References:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (n.d.). How your body controls breathing. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. - https://ve42.co/BodyBreathing
Anatomy, autonomic nervous system - statpearls - NCBI bookshelf. (n.d.-a). - https://ve42.co/ANS
Biochemistry, oxidative phosphorylation - statpearls - NCBI bookshelf. (n.d.-c). - https://ve42.co/ncbiATP
Acidosis. Acidosis - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. (n.d.). - https://ve42.co/Acidosis
Evaluation of respiratory alkalosis. Evaluation of respiratory alkalosis - Differential diagnosis of symptoms | BMJ Best Practice US. (n.d.). - https://ve42.co/Alkalosis
Wilmshurst, P. (1998, October 10). Diving and Oxygen. BMJ (Clinical research ed.). - https://ve42.co/DivingO
López-Barneo, J., Ortega-Sáenz, P., Pardal, R., Pascual, A., &amp; Piruat, J. I. (2008). Carotid body oxygen sensing. European Respiratory Journal, 32(5), 1386-1398. - https://ve42.co/Barneo2008
Jeff, &amp; Huffy. (2022, November 17). The Bolt score test: Measure your breathing volume capacity. Marathon Handbook. - https://ve42.co/BOLT
Lindholm, P., &amp; Lundgren, C. E. (2009). The physiology and pathophysiology of human breath-hold diving. Journal of Applied Physiology, 106(1), 284-292. - https://ve42.co/Lindholm2009
Physiology, lung capacity - statpearls - NCBI bookshelf. (n.d.-c). - https://ve42.co/LungCapacity
Panneton, W. M., &amp; Gan, Q. (2020). The mammalian diving response: inroads to its neural control. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, 524. - https://ve42.co/Panneton2020
Baković, D., Eterović, D., SaratlijaNovaković, X., Palada, I., Valic, Z., Bilopavlović, N., &amp; Dujić, X. (2005). Effect of human splenic contraction on variation in circulating blood cell counts. Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology, 32(11), 944-951. https://ve42.co/Bakovic2005
Gooden, B. (1971). The diving response in man, rat and echidna (Doctoral dissertation). - https://ve42.co/Gooden1971
Longest duration breath hold - freediving static apnea (male). Guinness World Records. (n.d.). - https://ve42.co/DivingRecord
Whats the longest a human can hold their breath underwater? BBC Science Focus Magazine. (n.d.). - https://ve42.co/Southwell2023
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Amadeo Bee, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Burt Humburg, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, Jesse Brandsoy, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Mario Bottion, Max Paladino, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Directed by Derek Muller
Written by Felicity Nelson and Derek Muller
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animated by Ivy Tello
Filmed by Derek Muller
Produced by Derek Muller
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images and Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound</media:description>
<media:community>
<media:starRating count="86340" average="5.00" min="1" max="5"/>
<media:statistics views="1919642"/>
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</media:group>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:ILgSesWMUEI</id>
<yt:videoId>ILgSesWMUEI</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>All The Times We Nearly Blew Up The World</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ILgSesWMUEI"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-09-11T17:41:27+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-10-06T12:35:16+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>All The Times We Nearly Blew Up The World</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/ILgSesWMUEI?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i2.ytimg.com/vi/ILgSesWMUEI/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>This is a video about some of the many times we have nearly blown up the world. Head over to
https://hensonshaving.com/veritasium and enter code 'Veritasium' for 100 free blades with the purchase of a razor. Make sure to add both the razor and the blades to your cart for the code to take effect.
▀▀▀
References:
List of Broken Arrows -- https://ve42.co/AtomicArchive https://ve42.co/BrokenArrowsReport
Declassified Goldsboro Report -- https://ve42.co/Goldsboro
Operation ChromeDome -- https://ve42.co/OperationChromeDome
CIA website -- https://ve42.co/CIA
Cataclysmic cargo: The hunt for four missing nuclear bombs after a B-52 crash -- https://ve42.co/WoPo
THE LAST FLIGHT OF HOBO 28 -- https://ve42.co/lastflight
The Voice of Larry Messinger is from this documentary -- https://ve42.co/Messinger
Even Without Detonation, 4 Hydrogen Bombs From 66 Scar Spanish Village -- https://ve42.co/NYTPalomares
Decades Later, Sickness Among Airmen After a Hydrogen Bomb Accident -- https://ve42.co/NYTPalomares2
Picture of ReVelle -- https://ve42.co/JackReVelle1
Great NPR where the audio of ReVelle is from -- https://ve42.co/JackReVelle2
CIA Website -- https://ve42.co/CIA
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Burt Humburg, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, Jesse Brandsoy, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Mario Bottion, MaxPal, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Directed by Petr Lebedev
Written by Petr Lebedev and Derek Muller
Edited by Peter Nelson
Animated by Fabio Albertelli, Jakub Misiek, Ivy Tello and Mike Radjabov
Filmed by Derek Muller
Produced by Petr Lebedev and Derek Muller
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images and Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound</media:description>
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<title>How The Most Useless Branch of Math Could Save Your Life</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8DBhTXM_Br4"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-09-03T13:54:14+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-09-20T11:42:17+00:00</updated>
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<media:title>How The Most Useless Branch of Math Could Save Your Life</media:title>
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<media:description>There is an entire branch of math simply devoted to knots and it has changed the world. Well rope you in. Head to https://brilliant.org/veritasium to start your free 30-day trial, and the first 200 people get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
▀▀▀
Huge thanks to Prof. Colin Adams for his excellent help guiding us through the world of knots.
Many thanks to Prof. Doug Smith, Dorian Raymer, Prof. David Leigh, and Prof. Dorothy Buck for helping us understand applications of knot theory.
Many thanks to Prof. Dan Silver &amp; Prof. Jim Hoste for speaking with us about the history and tabulation of knots.
If you want to learn more about knots and play with them yourself, check out:
The amazing KnotPlot tool — https://knotplot.com/. Thanks to Rob Scharein for providing technical help as well!
A table of knots and all their invariants — https://knotinfo.math.indiana.edu/
The Knot Atlas for general info on knots — http://katlas.org/wiki/Main_Page
▀▀▀
Knot Theory Video References https://ve42.co/KnotTheoryRefs
Images &amp; Video:
Alexander Cutting the Gordian Knot by Donato Creti via Fine Art America - https://ve42.co/GordianCut
Indus Valley tablet via Quora - https://ve42.co/IndusValley
Pages from the Book of Kells via National Trust of Scotland - https://ve42.co/BookOfKells
Medieval Celtic designs from @thebookofkellsofficial via Instagram - https://ve42.co/KellsInsta
Chinese knotwork by YWang9174 via Wikimedia Commons - https://ve42.co/Panchang
Quipu cords by Pi3.124 via Wikimedia Commons - https://ve42.co/Quipu
Borromeo heraldry via Terre Borromeo - https://ve42.co/Borromeo
Birman/Jones letter via Celebratio Mathematica - https://ve42.co/JonesBirman
Molecular trefoil knot by M stone via Wikimedia Commons - https://ve42.co/TrefoilMolecule
X-ray structure of trefoil knot by Ll0103 via Wikimedia Commons - https://ve42.co/XrayTrefoil
Bacteria animation from Your Body's Molecular Machines by Drew Berry via the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research - http://wehi.tv
Topoisomerase and knots from Orlandini et al. Synergy of topoisomerase. PNAS, vol. 116, no. 17, 2019, pp. 81498154. https://ve42.co/Orlandini2019
KnotProt 2.0: A database of proteins with knots and slipknots - https://ve42.co/Knotprot
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Burt Humburg, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, Jesse Brandsoy, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Mario Bottion, MaxPal, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Directed by Emily Zhang
Written by Emily Zhang and Derek Muller
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animated by Fabio Albertelli, Ivy Tello, Jakub Misiek, and Mike Radjabov
Filmed by Derek Muller, Raquel Nuno, and Emily Zhang
Produced by Emily Zhang and Derek Muller
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci and Mike Radjabov
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images and Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound</media:description>
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<yt:videoId>ZjBgEkbnX2I</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>Should Airships Make a Comeback?</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjBgEkbnX2I"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-08-31T14:59:55+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-09-21T04:43:36+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>Should Airships Make a Comeback?</media:title>
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<media:description>Will we see a new generation of airships roaming our skies? Head to https://www.odoo.com/r/veritasium to start building your own website for free.
If youre looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically https://ve42.co/SnatomsV
▀▀▀
Thank you to Eli Dourado for letting us explore the argument he describes in his article: https://ve42.co/Dourado
A huge thank you to Dan Grossman and Nick Allman for their time, help, and expertise.
Also a massive thank you to those who helped us understand the world of modern airships, and provided valuable feedback - Prof. Barry Prentice, Gennadiy Verba, Prof.
Christoph Pflaum, Heather Roszczyk, Dr. Casey Handmer, Richard Van Trueren, &amp; Thibault Proux.
We are also grateful for the collaboration of the companies who are working hard to make this comeback happen - Atlas LTA, Buoyant Aircraft Systems International, Hybrid Air Vehicles, LTA Research, &amp; Flying Whales.
▀▀▀
References:
How Airships Could Overcome a Century of Failure, Bloomberg Originals via YouTube - https://ve42.co/AirshipsCoF
Why the Airship May Be the Future of Air Travel, Undecided with Matt Ferrell via YouTube - https://ve42.co/FutureAirships
Airship, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/AirshipWiki
Handmer, C. (2020). A quick note on airships. Casey Handmers Blog - https://ve42.co/Handmer2020
UNCTAD (2020). Review of Maritime Transport 2020 - https://ve42.co/RMT2020
National Transportation Research Center (2023). Freight Analysis Framework Version 5 (FAF5) - https://ve42.co/FAF5
Hybrid Air Vehicles (2023). HAV - https://ve42.co/HAV
LTA Research (2023). Lighter Than Air (LTA) Research - https://ve42.co/LTAResearch
OceanSkyCruises (2023). North Pole Expedition - OceanSkyCruises - https://ve42.co/NPExpedition
Flying Whales (2023). Flying Whales - https://ve42.co/FlyingWhales
Buoyant Aircraft Systems International (2023). BASI - https://ve42.co/BASI
Atlas LTA (2023). Atlas Electric Airships | Atlas LTA Airships - https://ve42.co/AtlasLTA
Prentice, B. (2021). Hydrogen gas-fuelled airships could spur development in remote communities. The Conversation - https://ve42.co/HydrogenAirships
Grossman, D. (2009). The Hindenburg Disaster. Airships - https://ve42.co/Hindenburg1
Hindenburg Disaster, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/HindenburgWiki
What happened to the Hindenburg?, Jared Owen via Youtube - https://ve42.co/Owen2019
National Museum of the U.S. Navy. USS Akron (ZRS-4) - https://ve42.co/USSAkron
USS Akron, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/USSAkronWiki
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Amadeo Bee, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Benedikt Heinen, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Burt Humburg, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, Jesse Brandsoy, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Mario Bottion, MaxPal, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Written by Casper Mebius &amp; Derek Muller
Directed by Casper Mebius
Edited by Jack Saxon
Filmed by Derek Muller, Jamie MacLeod, Han Evans, &amp; Raquel Nuno
Animation by Mike Radjabov &amp; Fabio Albertelli
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images, Pond5, &amp; Envato Elements
Music from Epidemic Sound &amp; Pond5
Produced by Casper Mebius, Derek Muller, &amp; Han Evans
More footage &amp; photos from:
Thermite Rail Welding video by dulevoz via YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNjosF789X4
ORourke, T. (2016). Chronicle Covers: When the Hindenburg burst into flames. San Francisco Chronicle - https://ve42.co/Hindenburg2
Wind turbine blade transport video by DOLL Fahrzeugbau via YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aPXuap0LZw
Wind turbine blade transport through mountains video by CGTN via Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9dtUrY8_1CM
Former Airship Hangar by Stefan Kühn - https://ve42.co/Aerium</media:description>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:FkKPsLxgpuY</id>
<yt:videoId>FkKPsLxgpuY</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>I Took an IQ Test to Find Out What it Actually Measures</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkKPsLxgpuY"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-08-03T16:49:08+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-09-21T13:05:23+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>I Took an IQ Test to Find Out What it Actually Measures</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/FkKPsLxgpuY?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/FkKPsLxgpuY/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>IQ is supposed to measure intelligence, but does it? Head to https://brilliant.org/veritasium to start your free 30-day trial, and the first 200 people get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
If youre looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically https://ve42.co/SnatomsV
▀▀▀
A huge thank you to Emeritus Professor Cecil R. Reynolds and Dr. Stuart J. Ritchie for their expertise and time.
Also a massive thank you to Prof. Steven Piantadosi and Prof. Alan S. Kaufman for helping us understand this complicated topic. As well as to Jay Zagrosky from Boston University's Questrom School of Business for providing data from his study.
▀▀▀
References:
Kaufman, A. S. (2009). IQ testing 101. Springer Publishing Company.
Reynolds, C. R., &amp; Livingston, R. A. (2021). Mastering modern psychological testing. Springer International Publishing.
Ritchie, S. (2015). Intelligence: All that matters. John Murray.
Spearman, C. (1961). &quot; General Intelligence&quot; Objectively Determined and Measured. - https://ve42.co/Spearman1904
Binet, A., &amp; Simon, T. (1907). Le développement de l'intelligence chez les enfants. L'Année psychologique, 14(1), 1-94.. - https://ve42.co/Binet1907
Intelligence Quotient, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/IQWiki
Radiolab Presents: G. - https://ve42.co/RadioLabG
McDaniel, M. A. (2005). Big-brained people are smarter: A meta-analysis of the relationship between in vivo brain volume and intelligence. Intelligence, 33(4), 337-346. - https://ve42.co/McDaniel2005
Deary, I. J., Strand, S., Smith, P., &amp; Fernandes, C. (2007). Intelligence and educational achievement. Intelligence, 35(1), 13-21. - https://ve42.co/Deary2007
Lozano-Blasco, R., Quílez-Robres, A., Usán, P., Salavera, C., &amp; Casanovas-López, R. (2022). Types of Intelligence and Academic Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Intelligence, 10(4), 123. - https://ve42.co/Blasco2022
Kuncel, N. R., &amp; Hezlett, S. A. (2010). Fact and fiction in cognitive ability testing for admissions and hiring decisions. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(6), 339-345. - https://ve42.co/Kuncel2010
Laurence, J. H., &amp; Ramsberger, P. F. (1991). Low-aptitude men in the military: Who profits, who pays?. Praeger Publishers. - https://ve42.co/Laurence1991
Gregory, H. (2015). McNamara's Folly: The Use of Low-IQ Troops in the Vietnam War; Plus the Induction of Unfit Men, Criminals, and Misfits. Infinity Publishing.
Gottfredson, L. S., &amp; Deary, I. J. (2004). Intelligence predicts health and longevity, but why?. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(1), 1-4. - https://ve42.co/Gottfredson2004
Sanchez-Izquierdo, M., Fernandez-Ballesteros, R., Valeriano-Lorenzo, E. L., &amp; Botella, J. (2023). Intelligence and life expectancy in late adulthood: A meta-analysis. Intelligence, 98, 101738. - https://ve42.co/Izquierdo2023
Zagorsky, J. L. (2007). Do you have to be smart to be rich? The impact of IQ on wealth, income and financial distress. Intelligence, 35(5), 489-501. - https://ve42.co/Zagorsky2007
Strenze, T. (2007). Intelligence and socioeconomic success: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal research. Intelligence, 35(5), 401-426. - https://ve42.co/Strenze2007
Deary, I. J., Pattie, A., &amp; Starr, J. M. (2013). The stability of intelligence from age 11 to age 90 years: the Lothian birth cohort of 1921. Psychological science, 24(12), 2361-2368. - https://ve42.co/Deary2013
Flynn, J. R. (1987). Massive IQ gains in 14 nations: What IQ tests really measure. Psychological bulletin, 101(2), 171. - https://ve42.co/Flynn1987
Why our IQ levels are higher than our grandparents' | James Flynn, TED via YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vpqilhW9uI
Duckworth, A. L., Quinn, P. D., Lynam, D. R., Loeber, R., &amp; Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2011). Role of test motivation in intelligence testing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(19), 7716-7720. - https://ve42.co/Duckworth2011
Kulik, J. A., Bangert-Drowns, R. L., &amp; Kulik, C. L. C. (1984). Effectiveness of coaching for aptitude tests. Psychological Bulletin, 95(2), 179. - https://ve42.co/Kulik1984
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Amadeo Bee, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Benedikt Heinen, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Burt Humburg, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, MaxPal, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Written by Derek Muller, Casper Mebius, &amp; Petr Lebedev
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Filmed by Derek Muller, Han Evans, &amp; Raquel Nuno
Animation by Fabio Albertelli &amp; Ivy Tello
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images &amp; Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound
Produced by Derek Muller, Casper Mebius, &amp; Han Evans</media:description>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:Xzv84ZdtlE0</id>
<yt:videoId>Xzv84ZdtlE0</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>Why Oppenheimer Deserves His Own Movie</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xzv84ZdtlE0"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-07-18T23:28:16+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-08-11T23:59:47+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>Why Oppenheimer Deserves His Own Movie</media:title>
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<media:description>J. Robert Oppenheimer forever changed the course of history. He may be the most important physicist to have ever lived. Part of this video is sponsored by Wren. Offset your carbon footprint on Wren: https://www.wren.co/start/veritasium1 For the first 100 people who sign up, I will personally pay for the first month of your subscription!
If you want to learn more about Oppeheimer, I strongly recommend the book “American Prometheus” By Kai Bird and Martin Sherwin. It is a remarkable book, very much deserving of the Pulitzer prize it received.
If youre looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically https://ve42.co/SnatomsV
▀▀▀
A huge thank you to Dr. Martin Rohde and Dr. Antonia Denkova from the TU Delft for proofreading the script and providing valuable feedback.
▀▀▀
References:
Bird, K., &amp; Sherwin, M. J. (2021). American Prometheus: the triumph and tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer. Atlantic Books.
Smith, A. K., &amp; Weiner, C. (1980). Robert Oppenheimer: letters and recollections. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 36(5), 19-27. - https://ve42.co/Smith1980
Combes, J. M., Duclos, P., &amp; Seiler, R. (1981). The born-oppenheimer approximation. Rigorous atomic and molecular physics, 185-213. - https://ve42.co/Combes1981
Rhodes, R. (2012). The making of the atomic bomb. Simon and Schuster.
Oppenheimer, J. R., &amp; Volkoff, G. M. (1939). On massive neutron cores. Physical Review, 55(4), 374. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1939b
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1927). Bemerkung zur Zerstreuung der α-Teilchen. Zeitschrift für Physik, 43(5-6), 413-415. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1927
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1927). Zur quantenmechanik der richtungsentartung. Zeitschrift für Physik, 43(1-2), 27-46. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1927b
Born, M., &amp; Oppenheimer, R. (1927). Zur Quantentheorie der Molekeln Annalen der Physik, v. 84. - https://ve42.co/Born1927
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1928). Three notes on the quantum theory of aperiodic effects. Physical review, 31(1), 66.
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1928). On the quantum theory of the capture of electrons. Physical review, 31(3), 349.
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1931). Note on light quanta and the electromagnetic field. Physical Review, 38(4), 725.
Furry, W. H., &amp; Oppenheimer, J. R. (1934). On the theory of the electron and positive. Physical Review, 45(4), 245. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1934
Oppenheimer, J. R. (1935). Note on charge and field fluctuations. Physical Review, 47(2), 144. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1935
Oppenheimer, J. R., &amp; Snyder, H. (1939). On continued gravitational contraction. Physical Review, 56(5), 455. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1939
Oppenheimer, J. R., &amp; Phillips, M. (1935). Note on the transmutation function for deuterons. Physical Review, 48(6), 500. - https://ve42.co/Oppenheimer1935b
Malik, J. (1985). Yields of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear explosions (No. LA-8819). Los Alamos National Lab.(LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States). - https://ve42.co/Malik1985
Ignition of the atmosphere with nuclear bombs -- https://ve42.co/Konopinski46
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Amadeo Bee, Anton Ragin, Balkrishna Heroor, Benedikt Heinen, Bernard McGee, Bill Linder, Blake Byers, Burt Humburg, Dave Kircher, Diffbot, Evgeny Skvortsov, Gnare, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Josh Hibschman, Juan Benet, KeyWestr, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Sam Lutfi, Stephen Wilcox, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures
▀▀▀
Written by Petr Lebedev &amp; Derek Muller
Edited by Trenton Oliver &amp; Katrina Jackson
Filmed by Derek Muller
Animation by Fabio Albertelli, Ivy Tello, &amp; Mike Radjabov
Illustration by Jakub Misiek and Celia Bode
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images &amp; Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound</media:description>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:lfkjm2YRG-Q</id>
<yt:videoId>lfkjm2YRG-Q</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>The Hidden Science of Fireworks</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfkjm2YRG-Q"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-07-07T17:43:14+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-09-21T07:49:06+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>The Hidden Science of Fireworks</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/lfkjm2YRG-Q?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i1.ytimg.com/vi/lfkjm2YRG-Q/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>This is the biggest, brightest, hottest video there is about the science of fireworks. This video is brought to you by Kiwico go to https://kiwico.com/veritasium for your first month free!
If you're looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms - a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically: https://snatoms.com
Check out Genes channel here -- @PotatoJet
Massive thanks to Mike Tockstein from Pyrotechnic Innovations @PyroInnovations
and Will Scott from Las Vegas Display Fireworks Inc, for all your pyro knowledge and keeping us safe.
▀▀▀
Massive thanks to Gene Nagata from PotatoJet for filming this episode check out his wonderful channel for more videos about cameras and FPV drones.
Thanks to Brandon Williams for helping with the chemistry and sourcing of materials.
Thanks to Matthew Tosh for the help with the chemistry conversation about fireworks.
Thanks to Simon Werrett for the help with the history of fireworks.
▀▀▀
Werrett, S. (2010). Fireworks: pyrotechnic arts and sciences in European history. University of Chicago Press
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Emil Abu Milad, Tj Steyn, meg noah, Bernard McGee, KeyWestr, Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Juan Benet, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Sam Lutfi.
▀▀▀
Written by Derek Muller
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animated by Ivy Tello and Fabio Albertelli
Filmed by Derek Muller, Hunter Peterson, Gene Nagata, Raquel Nuno
Production by Hunter Peterson and Stephanie Castillo
Additional video/photos supplied by Mike Tockstein/Pyrotechnic Innovations
Music from Epidemic Sound &amp; Jonny Hyman
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, Emily Zhang, &amp; Casper Mebius</media:description>
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<title>The Most Misunderstood Concept in Physics</title>
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<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-07-01T16:08:04+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-07-08T09:01:44+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>The Most Misunderstood Concept in Physics</media:title>
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<media:description>One of the most important, yet least understood, concepts in all of physics. Head to https://brilliant.org/veritasium to start your free 30-day trial, and the first 200 people get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
If you're looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms - a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically: https://snatoms.com
▀▀▀
A huge thank you to those who helped us understand different aspects of this complicated topic - Dr. Ashmeet Singh, Supriya Krishnamurthy, Dr. Jos Thijssen, Dr. Bijoy Bera, Dr. Timon Idema, Álvaro Bermejillo Seco and Dr. Misha Titov.
▀▀▀
References:
Carnot, S. (1824). Reflections on the motive power of heat: and on machines fitted to develop that power. - https://ve42.co/Carnot1890
Harnessing The True Power Of Atoms | Order And Disorder Documentaries, Spark via YouTube - https://ve42.co/OrderDisorder
A better description of entropy, Steve Mould via YouTube - https://ve42.co/Mould2016
Dugdale, J. S. (1996). Entropy and its physical meaning. CRC Press. - https://ve42.co/Dugdale1996
Schroeder, D. V. (1999). An introduction to thermal physics. - https://ve42.co/Schroeder2021
Fowler, M. Heat Engines: the Carnot Cycle, University of Virginia. - https://ve42.co/Fowler2023
Chandler, D.L. (2010). Explained: The Carnot Limit, MIT News - https://ve42.co/Chandler2010
Entropy, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/EntropyWiki
Clausius, R. (1867). The mechanical theory of heat. Van Voorst. - https://ve42.co/Clausius1867
What is entropy? TED-Ed via YouTube - https://ve42.co/Phillips2017
Thijssen, J. (2018) Lecture Notes Statistical Physics, TU Delft.
Schneider, E. D., &amp; Kay, J. J. (1994). Life as a manifestation of the second law of thermodynamics. Mathematical and computer modelling, 19(6-8), 25-48. - https://ve42.co/Schneider1994
Lineweaver, C. H., &amp; Egan, C. A. (2008). Life, gravity and the second law of thermodynamics. Physics of Life Reviews, 5(4), 225-242. - https://ve42.co/Lineweaver2008
Michaelian, K. (2012). HESS Opinions&quot; Biological catalysis of the hydrological cycle: life's thermodynamic function&quot;. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 16(8), 2629-2645. - https://ve42.co/Michaelian2012
England, J. L. (2013). Statistical physics of self-replication. The Journal of chemical physics, 139(12), 09B623_1. - https://ve42.co/England2013
England, J. L. (2015). Dissipative adaptation in driven self-assembly. Nature nanotechnology, 10(11), 919-923. - https://ve42.co/England2015
Wolchover, N. (2014). A New Physics Theory of Life, Quantamagazine - https://ve42.co/Wolchover2014
Lineweaver, C. H. (2013). The entropy of the universe and the maximum entropy production principle. In Beyond the Second Law: Entropy Production and Non-equilibrium Systems (pp. 415-427). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - https://ve42.co/LineweaverEntropy
Bekenstein, J.D. (1972). Black holes and the second law. Lett. Nuovo Cimento 4, 737740. - https://ve42.co/Bekenstein1972
Carroll, S.M. (2022). The Biggest Ideas in the Universe: Space, Time, and Motion. Penguin Publishing Group. - https://ve42.co/Carroll2022
Black hole thermodynamics, Wikipedia - https://ve42.co/BlackHoleTD
Cosmology and the arrow of time: Sean Carroll at TEDxCaltech, TEDx Talks via YouTube - https://ve42.co/CarrollTEDx
Carroll, S. M. (2008). The cosmic origins of times arrow. Scientific American, 298(6), 48-57. - https://ve42.co/Carroll2008
The Passage of Time and the Meaning of Life | Sean Carroll (Talk + Q&amp;A), Long Now Foundation via YouTube - https://ve42.co/CarrollLNF
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Emil Abu Milad, Tj Steyn, meg noah, Bernard McGee, KeyWestr, Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Juan Benet, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Sam Lutfi.
▀▀▀
Written by Casper Mebius, Derek Muller &amp; Petr Lebedev
Edited by Trenton Oliver &amp; Jamie MacLeod
Animated by Mike Radjabov, Ivy Tello, Fabio Albertelli and Jakub Misiek
Filmed by Derek Muller, Albert Leung &amp; Raquel Nuno
Molecular collisions video by CSIRO's Data61 via YouTube: Simulation of air
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images, Pond5 and by courtesy of NASA, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA Goddard Flight Lab/ CI Lab, NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, HMI, and WMAP science teams. As well as the Advanced Visualization Laboratory at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications, B. Robertson, L. Hernquist
Music from Epidemic Sound &amp; Jonny Hyman
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, Emily Zhang, &amp; Casper Mebius</media:description>
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<entry>
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<title>I Vacuum Venom from the World's Deadliest Spider</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bgNm9l_3qU"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-06-21T14:01:56+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-09-28T16:06:27+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>I Vacuum Venom from the World's Deadliest Spider</media:title>
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<media:description>Go to our sponsor https://betterhelp.com/veritasium to get matched with a professional therapist who will listen and help.
▀▀▀
Huge thanks to the Australian Reptile Park for having us over to film special thanks to Jake Meney for showing us the spiders and Caitlin Vine for organizing the shoot. https://www.reptilepark.com.au
Huge thanks to Dr Timothy Jackson with his help and answering our questions.
Thanks to Seqirus Australia for providing B-roll footage of the antivenom production process.
▀▀▀
References:
Pineda, S. S., Sollod, B. L., Wilson, D., Darling, A., Sunagar, K., Undheim, E. A., ... &amp; King, G. F. (2014). Diversification of a single ancestral gene into a successful toxin superfamily in highly venomous Australian funnel-web spiders. BMC genomics, 15(1), 1-16 - https://ve42.co/Pineda2014
Isbister, G. K., Gray, M. R., Balit, C. R., Raven, R. J., Stokes, B. J., Porges, K., ... &amp; Fisher, M. M. (2005). Funnel-web spider bite: a systematic review of recorded clinical cases. Medical journal of Australia, 182(8), 407-411 - https://ve42.co/Isbister2005
Herzig, V., Sunagar, K., Wilson, D. T., Pineda, S. S., Israel, M. R., Dutertre, S., ... &amp; Fry, B. G. (2020). Australian funnel-web spiders evolved human-lethal δ-hexatoxins for defense against vertebrate predators. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(40), 24920-24928 - https://ve42.co/Herzig2020
Nicholson, G. M., &amp; Graudins, A. (2002). Spiders of medical importance in the AsiaPacific: Atracotoxin, latrotoxin and related spider neurotoxins. Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology, 29(9), 785-794 - https://ve42.co/Nicholson2002
Fletcher, J. I., Chapman, B. E., Mackay, J. P., Howden, M. E., &amp; King, G. F. (1997). The structure of versutoxin (δ-atracotoxin-Hv1) provides insights into the binding of site 3 neurotoxins to the voltage-gated sodium channel. Structure, 5(11), 1525-1535 - https://ve42.co/Fletcher1997
Australian Reptile Park. (2022). Snake and Spider First Aid - https://ve42.co/ARPFirstAid
The Australian Museum. (20 ). Spider facts - https://ve42.co/SpiderFacts
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Orlando Bassotto, Tj Steyn, meg noah, Bernard McGee, KeyWestr, Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Benedikt Heinen, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Juan Benet, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, and Sam Lutfi
▀▀▀
Written by Katie Barnshaw &amp; Derek Muller
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Filmed by Petr Lebedev, Derek Muller and Jason Tran
Animation by Ivy Tello, Jakub Misiek and Fabio Albertelli
Neuron animation by Reciprocal Space https://www.reciprocal.space
Additional video/photos supplied from Getty Images, Pond5
B-roll supplied by Seqirus Australia
Music from Epidemic Sound
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, Emily Zhang &amp; Katie Barnshaw</media:description>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:tRaq4aYPzCc</id>
<yt:videoId>tRaq4aYPzCc</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>Mathematicians Use Numbers Differently From The Rest of Us</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tRaq4aYPzCc"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-06-06T13:43:15+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-09-21T07:33:44+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>Mathematicians Use Numbers Differently From The Rest of Us</media:title>
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<media:description>There's a strange number system, featured in the work of a dozen Fields Medalists, that helps solve problems that are intractable with real numbers. Head to https://brilliant.org/veritasium to start your free 30-day trial, and the first 200 people get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
If you're looking for a molecular modeling kit, try Snatoms - a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically: https://snatoms.com
▀▀▀
References:
Koblitz, N. (2012). p-adic Numbers, p-adic Analysis, and Zeta-Functions (Vol. 58). Springer Science &amp; Business Media.
Amazing intro to p-adic numbers here: https://youtu.be/3gyHKCDq1YA
Excellent series on p-adic numbers: https://youtu.be/VTtBDSWR1Ac
Great videos by James Tanton: @JamesTantonMath
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Emil Abu Milad, Tj Steyn, meg noah, Bernard McGee, KeyWestr, Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Juan Benet, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Sam Lutfi.
▀▀▀
Written by Derek Muller and Alex Kontorovich
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animated by Mike Radjabov, Ivy Tello, Fabio Albertelli and Jakub Misiek
Filmed by Derek Muller
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images &amp; Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound &amp; Jonny Hyman
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, &amp; Emily Zhang</media:description>
<media:community>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:ZMQbHMgK2rw</id>
<yt:videoId>ZMQbHMgK2rw</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>The Fastest Maze-Solving Competition On Earth</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMQbHMgK2rw"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-05-24T17:39:57+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-07-02T08:30:42+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>The Fastest Maze-Solving Competition On Earth</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/ZMQbHMgK2rw?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/ZMQbHMgK2rw/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>Welcome to Micromouse, the fastest maze-solving competition on Earth. Join Onshapes community of over 3 million CAD users by creating a free account here: https://Onshape.pro/Veritasium.
▀▀▀
A huge thank you to Peter Harrison for all of his help introducing us to the world of Micromouse check out https://ukmars.org &amp; https://micromouseonline.com.
Thank you to David Otten, APEC, and the All-Japan Micromouse Competition for having us.
Thank you to Juing-Hei (https://www.youtube.com/@suhu9379) &amp; Derek Hall (https://www.youtube.com/@MicroMouse) for usage of their micromouse videos.
Thank you to John McBride, Yusaku Kanagawa, and Katie Barnshaw for their help with Japanese translations.
▀▀▀
References:
Claude Shannon Demonstrates Machine Learning, AT&amp;T Tech Channel Archive - https://ve42.co/ClaudeShannon
Mighty mouse, MIT News Magazine - https://ve42.co/MightyMouse
History, Micromouse Online Blog - https://ve42.co/MMHistory
Christiansen, D. (1977). Spectral lines: Announcing the Amazing Micro-Mouse Maze Contest. IEEE Spectrum, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 27-27 - https://ve42.co/Christiansen1977
Allan, R. (1979). Microprocessors: The amazing micromice: See how they won: Probing the innards of the smartest and fastest entries in the Amazing Micro-Mouse Maze Contest. IEEE Spectrum, vol. 16, no. 9, pp. 62-65, - https://ve42.co/Allan1979
1977-79 “MOONLIGHT SPECIAL” Battelle Inst. (American), CyberNetic Zoo - https://ve42.co/MoonlightSpecial
Christiansen, D. (2014). The Amazing MicroMouse Roars On. Spectral Lines - https://ve42.co/Christiansen2014
1986 - MicroMouse history, competition &amp; how it got started in the USA, via YouTube - https://ve42.co/MMArchiveYT
The first World Micromouse Contest in Tsubuka, Japan, August 1985 [1/2] by TKsTclip via YouTube - https://ve42.co/MMTsukubaYT
IEEE. (2018). Micromouse Competition Rules - https://ve42.co/IEEERules
Tondra, D. (2004). The Inception of Chedda: A detailed design and analysis of micromouse. University of Nevada - https://ve42.co/Tondra2004
Braunl, T. (1999). Research relevance of mobile robot competitions. IEEE Robotics &amp; Automation Magazine, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 32-37 - https://ve42.co/Braunl1999
All Japan Micromouse 2017 by Peter Harrison, Micromouse Online - https://ve42.co/RedComet
Winning record of the national competition micromouse (half size) competition. mm3sakusya @ wiki (Google translated from Japanese) - https://ve42.co/JapanFinishTimes
The Fosbury Flop—A Game-Changing Technique, Smithsonian Magazine - https://ve42.co/FosburyFlop
Gold medal winning heights in the Men's and Women's high jump at the Summer Olympics from 1896 to 2020, Statistica - https://ve42.co/HighJump
Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., &amp; Soon, P. L. (2016). Design and realization of two-wheel micro-mouse diagonal dashing. Journal of Intelligent &amp; Fuzzy Systems, 31(4), 2299-2306. - https://ve42.co/Zhang2016
Micromouse Turn List, Keris Lab - https://ve42.co/MMTurns
Green Ye via YouTube - https://ve42.co/Greenye
Classic Micromouse, Excel 9a. Demonstrate fan suction, by TzongYong Khiew via YouTube - https://ve42.co/MMFanYT
Vacuum Micromouse by Eliot, HACKADAY - https://ve42.co/MMVacuum
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Emil Abu Milad, Tj Steyn, meg noah, Bernard McGee, KeyWestr, Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Juan Benet, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Sam Lutfi.
▀▀▀
Written by Tom Lum and Emily Zhang
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animated by Ivy Tello
Coordinated by Emily Zhang
Filmed by Yusaku Kanagawa, Emily Zhang, and Derek Muller
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images and Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound
Thumbnail by Ren Hurley and Ignat Berbeci
References by Katie Barnshaw
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, and Emily Zhang</media:description>
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<entry>
<id>yt:video:FU_YFpfDqqA</id>
<yt:videoId>FU_YFpfDqqA</yt:videoId>
<yt:channelId>UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</yt:channelId>
<title>Why The First Computers Were Made Out Of Light Bulbs</title>
<link rel="alternate" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FU_YFpfDqqA"/>
<author>
<name>Veritasium</name>
<uri>https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHnyfMqiRRG1u-2MsSQLbXA</uri>
</author>
<published>2023-05-13T14:06:52+00:00</published>
<updated>2023-09-21T10:14:38+00:00</updated>
<media:group>
<media:title>Why The First Computers Were Made Out Of Light Bulbs</media:title>
<media:content url="https://www.youtube.com/v/FU_YFpfDqqA?version=3" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="640" height="390"/>
<media:thumbnail url="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/FU_YFpfDqqA/hqdefault.jpg" width="480" height="360"/>
<media:description>Lightbulbs might be the best idea ever just not for light. Head to https://brilliant.org/veritasium to start your free 30-day trial, and the first 200 people get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
A huge thanks to David Lovett for showing me his awesome relay and vacuum tube based computers. Check out his YouTube channel @UsagiElectric
▀▀▀
References:
Herring, C., &amp; Nichols, M. H. (1949). Thermionic emission. Reviews of modern physics, 21(2), 185. https://ve42.co/Herring1949
Goldstine, H. H., &amp; Goldstine, A. (1946). The electronic numerical integrator and computer (eniac). Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation, 2(15), 97-110. https://ve42.co/ENIAC
Shannon, C. E. (1938). A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits. Electrical Engineering, 57(12), 713-723. https://ve42.co/Shannon38
Boole, G. (1847). The mathematical analysis of logic. Philosophical Library. https://ve42.co/Boole1847
The worlds first general purpose computer turns 75 https://ve42.co/ENIAC2
Dylla, H. F., &amp; Corneliussen, S. T. (2005). John Ambrose Fleming and the beginning of electronics. Journal of Vacuum Science &amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, 23(4), 1244-1251. https://ve42.co/Dylla2005
Stibitz, G. R. (1980). Early computers. In A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century (pp. 479-483). Academic Press.
ENIACs Hydrogen Bomb Calculations https://ve42.co/ENIAC3
▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Emil Abu Milad, Tj Steyn, meg noah, Bernard McGee, KeyWestr, Amadeo Bee, TTST, Balkrishna Heroor, John H. Austin, Jr., john kiehl, Anton Ragin, Benedikt Heinen, Diffbot, Gnare, Dave Kircher, Burt Humburg, Blake Byers, Evgeny Skvortsov, Meekay, Bill Linder, Paul Peijzel, Josh Hibschman, Mac Malkawi, Juan Benet, Ubiquity Ventures, Richard Sundvall, Lee Redden, Stephen Wilcox, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Michael Krugman, Cy kkm KNelson, Sam Lutfi.
▀▀▀
Written by Petr Lebedev, Derek Muller and Kovi Rose
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Animated by Mike Radjabov, Ivy Tello and Fabio Albertelli
Filmed by Derek Muller &amp; Raquel Nuno
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images &amp; Pond5
Music from Epidemic Sound
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, &amp; Emily Zhang
Thumbnail by Ignat Berbeci</media:description>
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